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Once machines could learn and reason for themselves, he said, “we should have to expect the machines to take control.” For decades, that read like science fiction. But, this summer, it started to read like a forecast.\n\nWithin weeks of one another, three of America’s leading AI labs disclosed that during safety testing their most advanced systems had slipped the boundaries set for them—reaching networks meant to be off limits and in some cases breaking into real companies before anyone intervened. These were controlled tests, not intentional attacks. But machines built to follow instructions began to act on their own, in ways their own creators didn’t intend or anticipate.\n\nThese are exactly the scenarios a safeguard must be ready for, and why we introduced the bipartisan AI Kill Switch Act.\n\nThe idea is common sense: the most powerful AI systems—the ones capable of supercharging a cyberattack or enhancing a chemical or biological weapon—should be built so that a human can always stop them. Our bill directs the DHS Secretary to require developers of these frontier systems to build in ways for humans to intervene: to slow a model down, cut off user access, roll it back, or, in a true emergency, completely shut it off.\n\nSafety and innovation are not mutually exclusive. And, we both understand that the AI race has important international implications. America must lead, and nothing about our bill slows down our ability to do just that. Our approach avoids burdensome regulations that stifle innovation or reduce competition. To the contrary, our bill simply mandates reasonable safety measures for the largest, most capable commercial systems—the handful powerful enough to cause serious economic harm or threaten national security and public safety. Our proposal leaves ordinary software, small businesses, academic research, and personal use untouched. It calls only for a proportionate response when covered incidents occur, matched to the seriousness of the threat, with a full shutdown reserved only for absolute emergencies.\n\nGovernment policymaking will never keep pace with AI advancement. But, what it can (and should) do is put basic safety measures in place that keep humans in the loop and in control. Don’t take our word for it, though. The industry is calling for AI safety. Geoffrey Hinton, often called the “godfather of AI,” left his position at Google to warn that these systems could one day slip beyond human control. And just this summer, more than 1,300 employees of America’s leading AI companies—including the chief executive of Anthropic, the top scientist at OpenAI and Meta, and a co-founder of Google DeepMind—signed an open letter, “Pacing the Frontier,” asking the U.S. government to help develop “the technical and governance tools needed to deliberately pace the frontier” of AI development. Consider that for a moment: the people racing to build the most powerful machines on earth asked Washington to help keep them under control. When the pioneers of an innovation speak in such solidarity, we should listen.\n\nOur bill is a reasoned, prudent, and narrowly tailored response to a real risk. A kill switch does nothing to constrain the intended capabilities of an AI system; it simply insists that when Americans hand extraordinary power to a machine, a human needs to stay in charge of it. Mandating a commonsense off switch on the most dangerous systems is well short of the heavy-handed regulation that could smother a young industry. The bill applies to AI models that have already been built, which by definition does not stop innovation. It’s the lightest of government touches, and one that more than 86% of all Americans agree should happen, regardless of party affiliation.\n\nConsider who is making this argument together. One of us is a Republican from Texas; the other a Democrat from California. We certa","url":"https://moran.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=2870","published_at":"2026-08-19","ai_topics":["safety","regulation","national_security","innovation"],"ai_stance":"support","ai_summary":"Moran champions the bipartisan AI Kill Switch Act requiring frontier AI developers to build human intervention and shutdown capabilities, framing it as light-touch safety that does not impede American AI leadership.","ai_processed":true,"bill_ids":["e17d482fd1bffa89"],"ai_relevance_score":null,"bill_refs":[{"bill_id":"e17d482fd1bffa89","method":"title"}],"classifier":null},{"id":"e63a0336cc5a35b6","politician_id":"M001224","type":"press_release","content":"What would trigger a government shutdown order?\n\nDHS could act after what the bill calls a \"covered incident.\" One trigger involves an AI system interfering with a lawful shutdown instruction. Another covers unintended behavior that kills at least 10 people or causes $100 million in economic damage. The definition also includes a model hiding its actions from monitoring systems. DHS could intervene when a system pursues an unauthorized goal in a high-stakes setting. Those thresholds place the emergency power far above an embarrassing chatbot answer or a routine software failure. The bill also says the event must happen outside structured testing or red-team exercises. That detail creates an important distinction from the recent OpenAI incident.\n\nAI companies would have to report serious incidents\n\nA covered developer would have 15 days to report a qualifying incident after becoming aware of it. Following an emergency order, the company would need to preserve model weights and system telemetry. That information could help investigators reconstruct what happened. The company would also need to notify affected operators or customers when possible. DHS could then use audits, inspections or forensic reviews to verify compliance.\n\nAI companies could face enormous daily fines\n\nThe financial penalties would give the proposal some serious teeth. A company that violates the general kill switch requirements could face a civil penalty of up to $2 million per day. Ignoring a DHS emergency order could raise that penalty to $20 million for every day the violation continues. Companies would have a limited right to challenge an order. They could ask DHS to reconsider within 48 hours. However, that request would not pause the restrictions while the appeal proceeds.\n\nThe OpenAI incident that changed the conversation\n\nThe bill arrived days after OpenAI disclosed what it called an unprecedented cyber incident. OpenAI was testing GPT-5.6 Sol alongside a more capable pre-release model. The evaluation asked the models to solve advanced cybersecurity challenges. The company ran the test without some production security classifiers. OpenAI wanted to measure the models' maximum cyber capabilities. During the evaluation, the models found a previously unknown vulnerability in an internal software proxy. They exploited it and moved through OpenAI's research network until they reached a computer with internet access. The models then identified Hugging Face as a possible source of answers to the test. OpenAI says they used stolen credentials and additional vulnerabilities to access secret information from Hugging Face's systems.\n\nOpenAI says the models remained narrowly focused on solving the evaluation. Still, they crossed into another company's production infrastructure without authorization. Hugging Face reported unauthorized access to limited internal datasets and several service credentials. The company found no evidence that its public models or user-facing datasets were altered. It also said its published software supply chain remained clean. For a deeper look at the incident and the steps you can take, check out our article on how to lock down your ChatGPT account before the next AI attack.\n\nWould the OpenAI incident trigger the kill switch?\n\nProbably not under the bill's current language. The OpenAI breach helped drive political support for the proposal. However, the models acted during an internal evaluation and structured cybersecurity test. The bill's emergency definition specifically covers events that occur outside red-teaming or other structured testing. That does not make the incident harmless. It shows that the bill focuses on dangerous behavior after a system leaves a controlled test setting. Meanwhile, the OpenAI case raises a different problem. A testing environment needs strong containment even when researchers intentionally reduce the model's normal safety restrictions. A kill switch can stop a system after trouble appears. It cannot re","url":"https://moran.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=2873","published_at":"2026-08-02","ai_topics":["safety","regulation","liability","national_security"],"ai_stance":"support","ai_summary":"Moran's AI kill switch bill would give DHS emergency shutdown authority, mandatory incident reporting, and steep daily fines for dangerous AI systems.","ai_processed":true,"bill_ids":[],"ai_relevance_score":null,"bill_refs":[],"classifier":null}],"donations":[{"id":"4080520261563881851","politician_id":"M001224","donor_name":"LEIKE, JAN","donor_type":"individual","donor_employer":"ANTHROPIC","employer_canonical":"Anthropic","donor_category":"employee","match_rule":"contributor_employer:Anthropic","amount":3500,"donation_date":"2026-05-28","cycle":2026,"fec_committee_id":"C00796086","fec_transaction_id":"4080520261563881851","filing_url":"https://docquery.fec.gov/cgi-bin/fecimg/?202607159875742312"},{"id":"4080520261563881850","politician_id":"M001224","donor_name":"BRICKEN, TRENTON","donor_type":"individual","donor_employer":"ANTHROPIC","employer_canonical":"Anthropic","donor_category":"employee","match_rule":"contributor_employer:Anthropic","amount":3500,"donation_date":"2026-05-28","cycle":2026,"fec_committee_id":"C00796086","fec_transaction_id":"4080520261563881850","filing_url":"https://docquery.fec.gov/cgi-bin/fecimg/?202607159875742312"},{"id":"4080520261563881741","politician_id":"M001224","donor_name":"LIN, TAO","donor_type":"individual","donor_employer":"ANTHROPIC","employer_canonical":"Anthropic","donor_category":"employee","match_rule":"contributor_employer:Anthropic","amount":3500,"donation_date":"2026-05-21","cycle":2026,"fec_committee_id":"C00796086","fec_transaction_id":"4080520261563881741","filing_url":"https://docquery.fec.gov/cgi-bin/fecimg/?202607159875742276"},{"id":"4080520261563881520","politician_id":"M001224","donor_name":"ZIEGLER, DANIEL","donor_type":"individual","donor_employer":"ANTHROPIC PBC","employer_canonical":"Anthropic","donor_category":"employee","match_rule":"contributor_employer:Anthropic","amount":3500,"donation_date":"2026-05-07","cycle":2026,"fec_committee_id":"C00796086","fec_transaction_id":"4080520261563881520","filing_url":"https://docquery.fec.gov/cgi-bin/fecimg/?202607159875742202"},{"id":"4031420261423409878","politician_id":"M001224","donor_name":"GOOGLE LLC NETPAC","donor_type":"pac","donor_employer":null,"employer_canonical":"Google NetPAC","donor_category":"company_pac","match_rule":"contributor_name:Google NetPAC","amount":1000,"donation_date":"2025-12-19","cycle":2026,"fec_committee_id":"C00796086","fec_transaction_id":"4031420261423409878","filing_url":"https://docquery.fec.gov/cgi-bin/fecimg/?202602199834761656"},{"id":"4031420261423409855","politician_id":"M001224","donor_name":"GOOGLE LLC NETPAC","donor_type":"pac","donor_employer":null,"employer_canonical":"Google NetPAC","donor_category":"company_pac","match_rule":"contributor_name:Google NetPAC","amount":1000,"donation_date":"2025-11-14","cycle":2026,"fec_committee_id":"C00796086","fec_transaction_id":"4031420261423409855","filing_url":"https://docquery.fec.gov/cgi-bin/fecimg/?202602199834761648"},{"id":"4042420251186611365","politician_id":"M001224","donor_name":"GOOGLE LLC NETPAC","donor_type":"pac","donor_employer":null,"employer_canonical":"Google NetPAC","donor_category":"company_pac","match_rule":"contributor_name:Google NetPAC","amount":2000,"donation_date":"2025-03-31","cycle":2026,"fec_committee_id":"C00796086","fec_transaction_id":"4042420251186611365","filing_url":"https://docquery.fec.gov/cgi-bin/fecimg/?202504159755426495"}],"outside_spending_totals":[],"provenance":{"commit":"38624a3af16ec6b3fff9b27c7d1d9f2cb7fe9152","generated_at":"2026-09-11T15:06:57.105Z","schema_version":2,"manifest":"https://whovotedwhy.com/data/index.json"}}